countyscore
48.1
County Score
Water Quality 86Income & Jobs 74.1Disaster Risk 70.2

County Report Card

About Jefferson County, Oregon

Close to National Median Standards

Jefferson County earns a 48.1 composite score, nearly matching the national median of 50.0. It offers a balanced profile that rivals many comparable counties nationwide.

Beating the Oregon Average Score

The county outperforms the state average of 42.5. It provides a more stable livability profile than many of its Oregon neighbors.

Pristine Water and Strong Incomes

A water score of 86.0 and an income score of 74.1 lead the county's strengths. Median household incomes sit at a healthy $73,051.

Housing Costs and Health Gaps

A cost score of 25.6 shows that housing remains a financial burden for many. The health score of 45.7 also suggests that access to wellness services could be improved.

A Versatile Middle-Ground Choice

Jefferson County is ideal for those seeking a balance of environmental quality and economic stability. It serves as a solid option for workers who want reliable pay and clean resources.

2040608010058.825.644.345.754.874.170.28637.7Tax58.8Cost25.6Safety44.3Health45.7Schools54.8Income74.1Risk70.2Water86Weather37.748.1/100
This county
National avg
3 above average3 below average

Jefferson County DNA

Foverall

How Jefferson County compares to the national average across 9 dimensions

Jefferson County is a tale of two counties — exceptional in Water Quality (86/100) but notably weak in Cost of Living (25.6/100). This polarized profile creates distinct trade-offs for residents.

Dimension Breakdown

Tax
58.8
Cost
25.6-22.4
Safety
44.3-10.700000000000003
Health
45.7
Schools
54.8
Income
74.1+23.099999999999994
Risk
70.2+23.200000000000003
Water
86+28
Weather
37.7-18.299999999999997
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Compare mortgage rates in Jefferson County

Whether buying or refinancing in Jefferson County, compare rates from top lenders to find the best deal.

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Can You Afford to Live Here?

Median Home Price

$339,200

National median: $174,650

Median Rent

$957/mo

National median: $854/mo

Income Needed (home)

$339,200/yr

28% front-end rule

Income Needed (rent)

$38,280/yr

30% rent rule

Affordability Spectrum4.6x income
AffordableNational avgExpensive
Local median income: $73,051/yr
Compare Mortgage Rates

Economic & Education Snapshot

Primary Care

8.0

per 100K

Data from Federal Reserve (FRED), U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard, and CMS NPPES.

Explore this county

Property Taxtaxbycounty.comCost of Livingcostbycounty.comIncome & Jobsincomebycounty.comSafetycrimebycounty.comHealthhealthbycounty.comSchoolsschoolsbycounty.comDisaster Riskriskbycounty.comWater Qualitywaterbycounty.comWeather & Climateweatherbycounty.comSoil Qualitysoilbycounty.comLawn Carelawnbycounty.comFarmers Marketsmarketsbycounty.comView on Mapcountyscore.com/map
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Nearby counties

Wasco County
Oregon
32.3
Deschutes County
Oregon
44.3
Crook County
Oregon
48.1
Clackamas County
Oregon
36.5
Wheeler County
Oregon
55.3
Sherman County
Oregon
55.3
Marion County
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30.4
Hood River County
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48.2

Deep Dives

Jefferson County across the ByCounty Network

Detailed analysis from 11 data dimensions — each powered by a dedicated ByCounty site.

Property Tax in Jefferson County

via TaxByCounty

Jefferson taxes run slightly high nationally

At 0.739%, Jefferson County's effective tax rate sits just above the national median of 0.720%, placing it in the upper-middle range of U.S. counties. The median tax bill of $2,506 falls 7% below the national median of $2,690, despite the county's higher-than-average rate, thanks to its median home value of $339,200.

Just below Oregon's statewide rate

Jefferson ranks 17th among Oregon's 36 counties at an effective rate of 0.739%, just slightly below the state average of 0.775%. Its median property tax of $2,506 sits below Oregon's state median of $2,745.

Moderate taxes for central Oregon

Jefferson's 0.739% rate falls between Deschutes County (0.616%) and Grant County (0.761%), offering a middle ground in central Oregon. With a median home value of $339,200, Jefferson sits between the rural and more developed areas of the region.

What $339,200 homes cost to own

Jefferson County homeowners pay $2,506 annually on a median home valued at $339,200. Mortgage holders pay slightly more at $2,555, while those without mortgages pay $2,365.

Check your assessment accuracy

Jefferson County's moderate rate and values create an environment where assessment errors can easily be overlooked—yet still cost you hundreds annually. A free appeal to your county assessor takes little time and can catch mistakes that assessments offices sometimes make.

Full property tax analysis on TaxByCounty

Cost of Living in Jefferson County

via CostByCounty

Jefferson County's rare affordability advantage

Jefferson County renters spend just 15.7% of their income on housing, one of Oregon's best rates and well below the national average. With median household income of $73,051 and $957 monthly rent, residents enjoy strong affordability even while earning slightly below the national median.

Oregon's hidden affordability gem

Jefferson County's rent-to-income ratio of 15.7% ranks it among Oregon's most affordable counties, beating the state average of 19.4% by more than 3 percentage points. Median rent of $957 runs $180 below the state average, making it a standout bargain in Oregon's housing landscape.

Better value than all nearby mountain counties

Jefferson's $957 rent undercuts Deschutes ($1,674), Hood River ($1,381), and Jackson ($1,310), while remaining cheaper than Gilliam ($1,084). For a county adjacent to Oregon's recreation heartland, Jefferson delivers exceptional rental affordability relative to its peers.

Renting far cheaper than owning here

Jefferson County households earning $73,051 annually spend $957 on rent (15.7% of income) but $1,222 on owner costs (20.0% of income). Renting holds a clear financial advantage, with homeownership costing significantly more despite the county's moderate home values of $339,200.

Mountain proximity with affordability advantage

Jefferson County offers a smart option for those seeking central Oregon access at Deschutes-light prices—rents run $717/month cheaper while you remain close to skiing and outdoor recreation. Compare this $957 rent to neighboring mountain counties if you value affordability alongside proximity to amenities.

Full cost of living analysis on CostByCounty

Income & Jobs in Jefferson County

via IncomeByCounty

Jefferson's income slightly below U.S. median

Jefferson County's median household income of $73,051 trails the national median of $74,755 by just $1,704. This near-parity reflects a mixed rural economy of ranching, recreation, and limited service industries in central Oregon.

Slightly above Oregon's county average

At $73,051, Jefferson County exceeds Oregon's county average of $69,965 by roughly $3,000. However, per capita income of $32,299 lags the state average of $37,652, suggesting wealth concentration in fewer households.

Middle-income anchor in rural cluster

Jefferson households earn $1,608 more than Jackson County ($71,443) but $14,589 less than Hood River County ($82,095). The county positions itself between Deschutes's prosperity and Grant's economic struggles.

Lowest housing burden statewide

Jefferson County's 15.7% rent-to-income ratio is the lowest among these eight counties, meaning housing costs remain very manageable. Median home values of $339,200 are accessible for median-earning households.

Capitalize on minimal housing drag

With housing costs at just 15.7% of income, Jefferson residents enjoy rare space to build wealth outside real estate. Direct savings into retirement accounts and diversified investments to compound growth over decades and achieve long-term security.

Full income & jobs analysis on IncomeByCounty

Safety in Jefferson County

via CrimeByCounty

A Very Secure Environment

Jefferson County boasts a total crime rate of 1,249.0 per 100K, which is nearly half the national average of 2,385.5. This earns the county an excellent safety score of 98.0.

Leader in Central Oregon Safety

Jefferson’s 98.0 safety score exceeds the Oregon average of 96.3. Four local agencies work efficiently to maintain this high level of security for the community.

Outpacing its Neighbors

Jefferson County is safer than neighboring Deschutes County, which has a higher crime rate of 1,728.1. It provides a peaceful alternative for those living in the Central Oregon region.

Minimal Violent Crime Risk

Violent crime is low at 109.5 per 100K, while property crime stands at 1,139.5. Residents are far less likely to experience a violent incident compared to the national average of 369.8.

Stay Proactive on Security

Even in a safe county, basic precautions like locking doors and windows are vital. Adding outdoor lighting can help maintain the county's low property crime rates.

Full safety analysis on CrimeByCounty

Schools in Jefferson County

via SchoolsByCounty

Thirteen Schools Across Four Districts

Jefferson County supports 3,466 students through a network of 13 public schools. The system is built around eight elementary schools and three high schools, providing a clear path from early childhood to graduation.

High Graduation and Strong Scores

The county matches the national graduation average at 87% and holds a school score of 55.9, which is higher than the state average. Schools are supported by $8,822 in per-pupil spending, ensuring resources reach the classroom.

Jefferson County SD 509J Leads

Jefferson County SD 509J is the primary district, serving 2,787 students across nine schools. The county focuses on traditional public education and does not currently host any charter schools.

Rural Roots and Town Hubs

The county’s schools are split between seven rural locations and six town-based campuses. Madras High School is the largest educational center with 781 students, while the average school size across the county is 267.

Solid Performance for Growing Families

With a 55.9 school score, Jefferson County offers educational quality that rivals many of its larger neighbors. Families moving here can feel confident in the high graduation rates and localized school community.

Full schools analysis on SchoolsByCounty

Disaster Risk in Jefferson County

via RiskByCounty

Jefferson: Very Low Risk Despite Earthquake Exposure

Jefferson County's composite score of 29.87 places it well below the national average, indicating very low overall disaster exposure. However, earthquake risk of 64.44 represents notable seismic vulnerability, creating a pocket of concentrated geologic hazard. The very low rating reflects minimal wildfire, flood, and tornado threats despite this singular concern.

A Safe County with Moderate Earthquake Risk

Jefferson's 29.87 composite score sits far below Oregon's state average of 63.43, ranking it among the state's low-risk communities. Yet its 64.44 earthquake risk moderately exceeds many Oregon counties, reflecting tectonic proximity despite overall safety. Wildfire (94.91), flood (36.64), and tornado (2.96) risks create a diverse but generally low-exposure profile.

Similarly Safe to Grant, Less Risky Than Hood River

Jefferson's overall risk closely mirrors Grant County (32.12) and trails Gilliam (2.74), but exceeds Harney (23.66) slightly. Its 64.44 earthquake risk ranks below Hood River (75.57) but substantially exceeds Gilliam and Harney, reflecting variable tectonic exposure. All neighbors face higher wildfire risk, creating Jefferson's distinctive seismic vulnerability.

Earthquake and Wildfire: Moderate Dual Concerns

Earthquake risk of 64.44 represents Jefferson's primary hazard, while wildfire at 94.91 creates substantial secondary exposure typical of eastern Oregon. Flood risk of 36.64 adds moderate concern in riparian zones, while tornado activity remains negligible at 2.96. The combination of moderate earthquake and significant wildfire sets Jefferson apart from purely low-risk neighbors.

Earthquake and Wildfire Coverage Recommended

Jefferson residents should consider earthquake insurance given the moderate risk of 64.44, particularly for older or unreinforced structures. Wildfire coverage is essential, as standard homeowners policies exclude it and the county's 94.91 risk remains substantial. Flood insurance is optional for most properties, though verify coverage if your home sits in designated zones.

Full disaster risk analysis on RiskByCounty

Water Quality in Jefferson County

via WaterByCounty

Superior Drinking Water Compliance Standards

Jefferson County earns a perfect A grade with zero health violations over the last five years. Its 0.0 violation rate is a standout success compared to the Oregon state average of 65.5. Local water systems are demonstrating excellence in maintaining federal safety requirements.

Watershed Impairment Data Still Outstanding

Federal §303(d) impairment data is currently not available for water bodies in Jefferson County. These assessments have not been completed for the current reporting cycle, meaning there is no official EPA signal for stream health. Local data remains the only available benchmark for watershed quality.

Intensive Monitoring of Biological and Chemical Data

Experts utilize 77 monitoring sites to record 107,660 measurements across the county. Data collection focuses on physical properties, organics, pesticides, and biological markers like algae. The high density of readings per site ensures a detailed view of water chemistry.

Monitoring the Deschutes Near Madras

The Deschutes River near Madras is currently discharging 3,590 cfs, which is 79% of its long-term mean. This gauge covers a massive 7,820 square mile drainage area, serving as a critical indicator for the entire region. While slightly low, the river maintains a substantial volume for ecological needs.

Trust Your Tap but Watch the Watershed

Jefferson County residents can have high confidence in their tap water due to a flawless A-grade record. However, with streamflows at 79% of normal and significant monitoring for algae, staying alert to environmental changes is wise. Continue supporting the robust local monitoring efforts that protect this high standard.

Full water quality analysis on WaterByCounty

Weather & Climate in Jefferson County

via WeatherByCounty

Cool and Arid Interior Climate

Jefferson County's annual average temperature of 48.5°F is cooler than the national median. It is a very dry region, with just 11.9 inches of annual precipitation.

Drier than the Oregon Average

The county's temperature of 48.5°F sits just below the state average of 50.5°F. Its rainfall is significantly lower than the state's 37.4-inch average, totaling only 11.9 inches.

Warmer than Neighboring Deschutes

Jefferson is slightly warmer than its neighbor Deschutes County, which averages 46.0°F. Both counties share a similarly dry profile, receiving less than 14 inches of rain annually.

Hot Summers and Light Snow

The county experiences 35 extreme heat days above 90°F, with a July average of 67.5°F. Winter is cold but relatively light on precipitation, seeing only 13.2 inches of annual snowfall.

Focus on Cooling and Irrigation

Reliable air conditioning is necessary to handle the 35 days of extreme summer heat. Because of the low 11.9-inch annual rainfall, residents should plan for water-efficient landscaping and garden irrigation.

Full weather & climate analysis on WeatherByCounty

Soil Quality in Jefferson County

via SoilByCounty

Central Oregon Soil Profile

Jefferson County lacks specific pH and taxonomic data in the current database. With a national median pH of 6.5, local growers should check for alkalinity common in drier regions. Knowing your pH is the key to unlocking nutrient availability for your plants.

Sifting Through the Data

Specific percentages for sand, silt, and clay are not currently available for this county. Physical observation is your best tool to determine if your soil is sandy and fast-draining or heavy with clay. Texture directly impacts how often you will need to irrigate.

Managing Arid Fertility

Organic matter and water capacity levels for this county remain unrecorded. While the state average is 29.41%, high desert soils often require significant amendments to reach that level. Adding organic matter is the best way to improve your soil's water-holding capacity.

Hydrology in the High Desert

Data on drainage classes and hydrologic groups is currently missing. This makes site-specific observation vital for understanding how your land handles runoff. Ensure your planting beds are designed to maximize every drop of water without becoming waterlogged.

Grow in Zone 7a

Hardiness Zone 7a is perfect for growing hardy herbs, lavender, and cold-tolerant vegetables. You can enjoy a successful garden by choosing plants that thrive in sunny, dry conditions. Dig in today and see what these central Oregon soils can produce.

Full soil quality analysis on SoilByCounty

Lawn Care in Jefferson County

via LawnByCounty

Arid Challenges in Jefferson County

Jefferson County presents a difficult environment for lawns, with a difficulty score of 30.4. This is significantly lower than both the national average and the Oregon state average of 38.9. In this 7a hardiness zone, successful lawn care requires a focused effort on moisture management and heat protection.

Managing 35 Days of Intense Heat

The county receives just 11.9 inches of annual rain, which is less than a third of the ideal amount for a healthy lawn. With 35 extreme heat days and 1,968 growing degree days, the climate is consistently demanding for cool-season grasses. Supplemental watering is the most critical factor for turf survival in this region.

Optimizing Soil for Low Rainfall

Soil data is not currently available for Jefferson County, but arid regions often struggle with low organic content. You should test your soil to determine if it can support deep root growth, which is vital for heat resistance. Adding organic amendments can help your soil hold onto every drop of the 11.9 inches of annual rain.

Total Coverage in Abnormally Dry Areas

Currently, 100.0% of Jefferson County is classified as abnormally dry, following 28 weeks of drought over the last year. To preserve your lawn, focus on evening or early morning watering to reduce loss from evaporation. These practices are essential to keep your turf alive during the 35 annual extreme heat days.

Planting for the 7a Climate

Hard Fescue or drought-tolerant Bluegrass blends are the best choices for this 7a hardiness zone. You should aim to seed after the last frost on May 22 but well before the peak summer heat. Ensure the lawn is well-established before the first fall frost hits on October 7.

Full lawn care analysis on LawnByCounty

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Jefferson County's county score?
Jefferson County, Oregon has a composite county score of 48.1 out of 100 on CountyScore. This score is calculated from a weighted average of available data dimensions including property tax, cost of living, income, safety, health, and schools.
How does Jefferson County rank among counties in Oregon?
Jefferson County ranks #9 among all counties in Oregon on CountyScore's composite ranking. Rankings are based on available data dimensions and updated as new data is added.
What are property taxes like in Jefferson County, Oregon?
The median annual property tax in Jefferson County is $2,506, with an effective tax rate of 0.74%. This earns Jefferson County a tax score of 58.8/100 on CountyScore (higher = lower taxes).
What is the median household income in Jefferson County?
The median household income in Jefferson County, Oregon is $73,051 per year according to U.S. Census Bureau data. Jefferson County earns an income score of 74.1/100 on CountyScore.
Is Jefferson County, Oregon a good place to live?
Jefferson County scores 48.1/100 on CountyScore's overall county ranking, ranking #9 in Oregon. The best way to evaluate Jefferson County is to compare individual dimension scores — property tax, cost of living, income, safety, health, and schools — based on your personal priorities. Use CountyScore to compare Jefferson County with other counties side by side.
By Logan Johnson, Founder & Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Logan Johnson, Founder & Data Editor

ByCounty Network

Property TaxCost of LivingIncome & JobsSafetyHealthSchoolsDisaster RiskWater QualityWeather & ClimateSoil QualityLawn CareFarmers Markets

Data from U.S. Census Bureau ACS, FBI UCR, CDC, FEMA NRI, NCES, EPA SDWIS, NOAA — informational only.